Pygame

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Getting Started

Installing Pygame

pip install pygame

Importing Pygame

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

Initializing and Quitting

# Initialize Pygame
pygame.init()

# Quit Pygame
pygame.quit()

Creating a Game Window

Setting Up the Display

# Set up the game window
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width, height))
pygame.display.set_caption("Game Title")

Main Game Loop

running = True
while running:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == QUIT:
            running = False

    # Update game state

    # Draw everything
    pygame.display.update()

pygame.quit()

Drawing Shapes

Drawing a Rectangle

rect = pygame.Rect(x, y, width, height)
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (255, 0, 0), rect)

Drawing a Circle

pygame.draw.circle(screen, (0, 255, 0), (x, y), radius)

Drawing a Line

pygame.draw.line(screen, (0, 0, 255), (start_x, start_y), (end_x, end_y), width)

Handling Events

Event Types

for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == QUIT:
        running = False
    elif event.type == KEYDOWN:
        if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
            running = False
    elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
        if event.button == 1:
            print("Left mouse button clicked at", event.pos)

Working with Surfaces

Creating a Surface

surface = pygame.Surface((width, height))

Blitting a Surface

screen.blit(surface, (x, y))

Loading and Displaying Images

Loading an Image

image = pygame.image.load("path/to/image.png")

Displaying an Image

screen.blit(image, (x, y))

Playing Sounds

Loading a Sound

sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("path/to/sound.wav")

Playing a Sound

sound.play()

Loading and Playing Background Music

pygame.mixer.music.load("path/to/music.mp3")
pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)  # -1 means loop indefinitely

Handling Keyboard Input

Checking Key States

keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[K_LEFT]:
    print("Left arrow key is pressed")
if keys[K_RIGHT]:
    print("Right arrow key is pressed")

Handling Mouse Input

Getting Mouse Position

mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
print(mouse_pos)

Checking Mouse Buttons

mouse_buttons = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
if mouse_buttons[0]:  # Left mouse button
    print("Left mouse button is pressed")

Fonts and Text

Creating a Font

font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)  # None for default font, 36 for font size

Rendering Text

text = font.render("Hello, Pygame!", True, (255, 255, 255))  # True for antialiasing
screen.blit(text, (x, y))

Setting Up the Clock

Creating a Clock

clock = pygame.time.Clock()

Limiting the Frame Rate

clock.tick(60)  # Limit to 60 frames per second